Wednesday, 31 October 2012

Controversial: God is love.




Image found at http://darrellcreswell.wordpress.com/2011/09/14/god-loves-you-this-much/ on 1Nov2012 via Google search
From a sermon I gave to my church October 21st:

I’d like to talk about reading the Bible, but this will not a “You should be reading your Bible more!” thing, and it’s certainly not a dry lecture about different genres or anything like that!  Last week Sid spoke about prayer, which is us approaching God with our thoughts and feelings, so this week I’m going to speak about the Bible, which is God approaching us with his thoughts and feelings.

I’ll talk briefly about why read the Bible and then spend more time on how to read the Bible, but my main thing today will be that horrible contradiction of the loving God … who seems to behave in an unloving way.

But, first, let’s look at some of God’s promises regarding the Bible to briefly address why we should bother reading it at all.  (… If there’s anyone here who is not a Christian, thank you for coming – we are truly delighted that you’re here and would love to help you feel at home!  The passages we’re about to hear may help you to understand why the Bible – often called his Word - is so important to Christians.)

I don’t want to add anything to these passages because, as it says in Romans 10:17, “faith comes by hearing the word of God” - not the word of God as filtered through me or anyone else.

Ok: “why read the Bible?”

Proverbs 30:5-6 … Deuteronomy 8:3 … Luke 8:11,15 … Luke 11:28 … Revelation 19:12-13

There are many others - one that hits the nail right on the head, for me, is John 6: when many turn away from Jesus, he asks his closest twelve: ‘You do not want to leave too, do you?’ … Peter answers him, ‘Lord, to whom shall we go?  You have the words of eternal life!’

Another term for this Word of God is “The Law”.  Many of the concepts we’ve looked at are brought together in the Psalms, such as:

Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked or stand in the way of sinners or sit in the seat of mockers.  But his delight is in the law of the Lord, and on his law he meditates day and night.  He is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season and whose leaf does not wither.  Whatever he does prospers.

But I don’t read the Bible every day.  I do think of the tree, though, planted by an abundant stream of fresh water, sucking up the goodness in order to be refreshed, and grow, and bear fruit … and I wonder: Why don’t we read the Bible every day, especially if all these benefits are true?

One reason is because we just don’t ‘get’ passages in which the God we have come to trust as loving behaves in a way that does not seem loving at all!

The God we have come to trust as loving is the God who loved us to death … his own painful, humiliating death on the cross.

He is the God who showed us that his love for us was so great that it even eclipsed his love for himself, as he endured physical and psychological abuse, poured on him by creatures he could have snuffed out with a word.

He is the God who showed us his power to do all the good he has promised us, when he put death in its rightful place under his command, humiliating Satan, and when he rose from death to life forevermore.

And he is the same God who, time and again, has shown me his wisdom as he has dealt with each and every turn of my life from as long as I can remember.

This is the God that defines love!


… And then we read about the God who sentenced Adam and Eve to death for eating from the wrong tree;

… who cursed them when they were deceived by the guardian he appointed;

… who ‘loved Jacob but hated Esau’;

… who ordered the destruction of entire nations just because they weren’t Hebrews;

… who wrote laws that involved the murder of, literally, millions of innocent animal sacrifices;

… the list goes on.


So there’s a problem: God is love … but we don’t always see him acting like it when we read his own account of how he interacts with his creation.

I’ve purposely dressed up this list in a provocative way, and I know the problem lies within me, not in God or his word.  But it does leave the question:


… how do we read the Bible?


I’ll not spend any time on that all-too-common way of just dutifully reading the words on the page without actually engaging with what is being read - that really highlights the phrase “you get out what you put in”.

But what about when we read to know God better or to hear from him?  This may involve having to really grapple with what we’re reading, wrestling with concepts until they make sense in the context of the rest of the Bible, and it won’t always be easy, or immediately conclusive.  Then, when we do read ‘thinkingly’, there’s the issue of interpreting what we’ve read.

For example, when we read ‘God is love’ and then we read a passage that looks like God is not love, do we…

1. … simply throw out one or the other as a mistake that should never have made it to the final cut of the Bible?

2. … note the disagreement, resign ourselves to thinking “God is mysterious and we’re frail, fallible humans who’ll never understand God”, and move on to read something else?

3. … note the disagreement and try to devise a new definition for the word ‘love’ that allows for the occasional unloving act?

… OR:

4. … note the disagreement and try to find a different way of interpreting the stories such that they show God, in fact, being loving?

Let’s just quickly take a look at the natural outcomes of each of these …

The first – editing the Bible myself - is a non-starter: if I can decide what should be in the Bible and what should not, I am no longer seeking to know God, but to invent a god of my own.  Paul wrote, in 2 Timothy 3:16, that “All Scripture is God-breathed” - editing the Bible is not an option.

The second option, however, does seem to have an apparent humility that makes it quite appealing to many Christians: surely being humble is a valid argument for not delving deeper into the things of God?

The problem is: being humble without knowing God is nothing on knowing God!

In fact, true humility is only possible when we know his humility … and how can we, until we know him?!  God wants to be fully known by his children, with an intimate knowledge.

Sure, we are finite, mortal, and small-minded, and can’t cope with the infinite-ness of God, and there are things we are not supposed to concern ourselves with in this lifetime, but what we’re not supposed to concern ourselves with is clear from its omission from the Bible.

… So, how – then - do we interpret passages that seem to suggest that questioning God is wrong?  For example …

·     “my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways,” declares the Lord.  “As the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts"

Well, this is preceded by verse 7: “Let the wicked forsake his way and the evil man his thoughts.  Let him turn to the Lord, and he will have mercy on him, and to our God, for he will freely pardon.” … so, putting verses 8 and 9 in context, God is specifically explaining why he will freely pardon the wicked, even after all their wickedness, just for turning to him … even though this flies in the face of … the ‘thoughts and ways’ of human justice.

… Or what about this one …

·     But who are you, O man, to talk back to God?

Again, in the context of the rest of the passage, this is talking specifically about questioning God’s wisdom concerning the gifts and purposes he has given each of us, in order to best communicate his love to - and through - us.

… Ok, so what about …

·     Job chapters 38-41 … I won’t read them all(!) … but God doesn’t seem too happy about Job’s questioning of him!?

Here, God says why he is not happy about being questioned: it is not that he is being questioned, but that the way Job has gone about this questioning has resulted in him discrediting God’s justice and condemning God, in order to justify himself.

So even passages in the Bible that seem to put us off getting to know God better aren’t actually designed to do that at all.  God’s being too mysterious for us to understand is not an option.


The third option - redefining ‘love’ - is more understandable: so many stories that make God look unloving, and only two occurrences of the expression ‘God is love’!

The Bible was written in unfamiliar languages, by unfamiliar people, from unfamiliar cultures, in unfamiliar times … and I know that, in Greek for example, they had five different words covering what we call ‘love’!  Maybe we’ve just misunderstood what “God is love” means?

But, God established the Bible for all people, in all places, throughout all time: if cultural differences might mislead us, he provides help in his word.

And he gives example after example of what ‘love’ means, both in his Word and in Creation: think of marriage, parenthood, friendship, or any relationship where, to ‘love’, you have to give your time, money, thought and consideration, sleep and strength and energy, care and protection, and more besides … to someone with an unquenchable appetite for all this and more … even when you have nothing left to give.

Think of how God has given us breath, water, food, clothing, shelter, family, friends, joy, comfort, and everything we need, throughout our lives, unfailingly, … even before we ever even knew him.

… Think of the Cross …

God knows what love is, and he has given it to us to know what love is too.  Redefining ‘love’ is not an option.

That only leaves the fourth option.  What about holding on to the understanding that God is love, and seeking to understand the stories in which he appears spiteful or discriminatory or aloof in a different light?

A legitimate fear, here, is that a pick-and-mix God is no God at all: believing the bits we like and rejecting the bits we don’t?  Not an option.

But that’s not what I am talking about.  I am talking about clinging to the God whom I know through his Spirit in me and through all the time I’ve spent - with his Spirit - in his word and in his church … I am talking about looking for a more real sense of what is going on in each event … I am talking about looking around the Bible for help in understanding…:

·     … what’s the back-story?

·     … where else has something similar happened with the same or a different outcome?

·     … what were the similar or different factors involved?

… In short, using the Bible to understand the Bible.

Sounds like detective work!  But getting to know anyone involves time spent with them … looking into who they are and what makes them tick, and struggling with things that make them different to us until we accept or understand them.

It was never intended for us to do this alone, however.  God sends his Holy Spirit to anyone who truly seeks him, and the Holy Spirit lives forevermore in all who put their trust in him.  So, whether I am a Christian or not, if I am honestly seeking the one true living God, then the very author of the Bible is ready to enter into discussion with me about what I am reading.

Luke 11 reads: “So I say to you: Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to you.  For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks, finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened.  Which of you fathers, if your son asks for a fish, will give him a snake instead?  Or if he asks for an egg, will give him a scorpion?  If you then, though you are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father in heaven give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”



Some Christians say: “I believe in a God of love, but I also believe in a God of justice.”

They mean, they believe in the God that - A.D. - walked around the eastern Mediterranean, healing and forgiving and performing miracles… and the God that - B.C. - looked down from on high and ordered the slaughter of entire people groups … it’s just that they’re not sure if these were the same person or not!

This is a real problem:

… does the God who is both of these … really want no-one to perish?

I want to try to show how the God of love is the God of justice … and how this loving God is the Father as much as the Son and the Spirit.

An Old Testament story that seems to show God with a split personality (in this case, the God of love to Israel, but the God of justice to Egypt) is the story of Moses and The Pharaoh.

In brief:

·     the Israelites are enslaved in Egypt

·     they cry out to God for rescue

·     God sends Moses to The Pharaoh to command him to free them … but he also hardens The Pharaoh’s heart to resist this command

·     He then shows The Pharaoh a sequence of miracles, which, had he sought God, he would have understood to be showing that his sin could be forgiven through the death of God’s innocent one

·     The Pharaoh, instead, hardens his own heart

·     The Pharaoh is forced to let the slaves go … but he chases after them and, along with all who follow him, is killed in the sight of the freed slaves

The Bible says that God raised The Pharaoh up for this very purpose: “that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth”.  So, did God set this man aside, from birth, and raise him up to be forever separated from him – in hell, eventually – with no chance for him to change God’s mind?

… Is this love?

… Alarm bells are ringing!  Let’s look at the back-story:

The ‘raising up’ referred to the way God made him into someone the whole world would hear about: God made Egypt the richest nation on the face of the planet through Joseph, an Israelite.  This made the position of Pharaoh the most powerful in the world: what The Pharaoh said and did, and what happened to him and his people, would be proclaimed throughout the world.  God then put this hard-hearted young man in that position, and the Israelites became this Pharaoh’s slaves.

With this world stage, and the characters in place, God could ensure that all would hear about his love for the world, in the hope that they would reconsider their current dead relationship with him, and enter into the marriage-like love with him that he had always wanted for them.

… So the question is: does God show his love by raising up men to die for the sake of his name and fame?  … Or does he show his love by offering himself to death in place of man?

"This is how God showed his love among us: He sent his one and only Son into the world that we might live through him … For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God”

Let’s check Romans 9 again – surely that was where it said that God raised him up to send him to hell, right? … verse 17: “I raised you up for this very purpose: … that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”

This remit doesn’t seem to mention anything about The Pharaoh’s salvation.  As it happened, The Pharaoh did not make peace with God and surrender his own pride to trust in God’s love … and God’s power and name were proclaimed throughout all the earth!  (In Joshua 2, Rahab, a citizen of faraway Jericho, confessed: “I know that the Lord has given you this land and that a great fear of you has fallen on us, so that all who live in this country are melting in fear because of you.  We have heard how the Lord dried up the water of the Red Sea for you when you came out of Egypt”) …

… But what would have happened if The Pharaoh had surrendered his resistance against God?  Surely, this act, alone, of The Pharaoh turning to God – quite apart from all the miracles that helped him reach that faith – would ensure God’s power and name were proclaimed throughout the earth?!

God’s plan that did not preclude The Pharaoh’s own salvation - Christ’s death on the cross provided for The Pharaoh too, if he would only accept it.  The choice to surrender his resistance to God’s love lay with The Pharaoh until his death. … Sadly, The Pharaoh continued to reject God and to grasp at his people - attacking the children of The Father … the Bride of the Bridegroom - until God stopped him permanently.

… A bridegroom or a father will go to great lengths to protect his bride or child from someone who would enslave or kill them.  If the would-be abuser, kidnapper, enslaver, or murderer refused to stop their attacks no matter what, the most peace-loving bridegroom or father in the world would do whatever they could to stop them once and for all.

Violence - even resulting in death - inflicted on someone unrepentantly hell-bent on enslaving or killing your beloved is not a lack, or a compromise, of love.  On the contrary, it would be very unloving if the bridegroom or father didn’t take whatever action was in his power to stop the attacker.

… So does God love us any less than this?


“I tell you the truth, unless you change and become like little children, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven.  Therefore, whoever humbles himself like this child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.  And whoever welcomes a little child like this in my name welcomes me ...But if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea."

God loves his church – his bride, his children - SO much that he protects us from any and all that is truly harmful, even to the death.  This is not unloving, but deeply loving.

In fact, ‘hell’ is the result of deep, deep love!  Hell will be the unbreakable holding cell for those who, despite God’s greatest efforts throughout history and throughout their lives to win them with his love, continue to hate and wish harm to God and his church.  There, there will be gnashing of teeth, which is a term used in the Bible for hateful anger, not regretful repentance. There, their worm (their hatred towards God) will not die – they never stop hating God.  God reached out to them in their lives to offer his love, which was not accepted.  Now his love for we who did accept this same offer will cause him to protect us from them.

This understanding of how a wrathful God and a loving God are one and the same – the fact that God can get wrathful because he is loving – helps with so many stories, particularly from the Old Testament, where, initially, it feels like we’re reading about a completely different God to the God who is love, who we’ve come to know from the New Testament.


There are other, more subtle places where we can find ourselves thinking of a God different to our God of love, but the same advice still applies: use the Bible to understand the Bible, and ask God for his Holy Spirit to come and chat it through with you.

Another example is when God forbade Moses from entering The Promised Land because he disobeyed an instruction.  This seems both harsh … and quite bizarre, given the bigger picture of the whole story of the exodus, given how intimate he had become with God, …

… and given Moses’ own desire to enter The Promised Land.  Yet, at one point, God seems to snap at him: “Do not speak to me any more about this matter!”

Again, the back story helps: Moses had, at a crucial point in their travels, demonstrated a pride in his position as intercessor between God and his people – a pride that, as Ezekiel tells us, was the root cause of Satan’s fall at the first; a fall which brought death into the world.

We know that God is love, and that he loved Moses intimately, and that he forgives sin after sin after sin – it makes no sense whatsoever that he would punish this man that he loved for a solitary slip-up.  It makes a lot more sense that he wanted to protect Moses from his own pride.  This pride would have only been fed if he were to be the one man who led God’s people both out of slavery and into The Promised Land (and, inevitably, continued to rule until his death).  God, in his deep love for Moses, did not want him to go the way of Satan, so he forbade this for Moses’ sake.


Just one last thing I want to address, and this, whilst tremendously important, will be brief.

Another problem with seeing the God of wrath being different to the God of love is that we tend to see Jesus as the God of love and the Father as the God of wrath – have you ever thought that?

There are many significant problems with this, including the break-up of the trinity and the preservation of the idea that we’ve been fighting today: that of God (i.e. the Father) as NOT loving.

It is useful, at these times, to remember that Jesus is the visible image of the invisible God, so it was he who we see acting, both lovingly and wrathfully, in the Old Testament, before he was born as man.

AND, he himself said he did nothing without seeing it first in his Father.

So, as Jesus cries from the cross: “why have you forsaken me?” … he must be doing only what he sees the Father doing: … so, the suffering of the cross, rather than being about the lashings of a wrathful Father against his loving Son, must instead be about the removal of sin as far from God as the east is from the west, to use a Biblical phrase.  Both Father and Son suffered this forsakenness … this separation from each other … this horror of a perfect relationship broken … so that we may enter into a loving relationship with them.

As I finish, may I plead with you to know and remember that God – Spirit, Son, and Father – is love, and that this love is constantly poured out into you and me.  Whether you are a Christian or not, please – in the privacy of your own heart and mind - ask God to open your eyes to his love for you today; seek to really know that love, with his Holy Spirit and his Word; and knock on the door of the home of that love – I promise you, it will be opened to you.

Who forgives your sins and heals your diseases?  Who redeems your life from the pit and crowns you with love and compassion?  Who satisfies your desires with good things so that your youth is renewed like the eagle’s?  The Lord made known his ways to Moses, his deeds to the people of Israel.  The Lord is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in love.  He does not treat us as our sins deserve or repay us according to our iniquities.  As high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is his love; as far as the east is from the west, so far has he removed our transgressions.  (Psalm 103)

Thursday, 23 August 2012

Why would God listen to prayer?

(from Maurice Sendak's "In the Night Kitchen", with thanks to Ellen Duthie at wereaditlikethis.blogspot.co.uk)
When I go for periods of time when I don't let God into my affections - allowing his Word and his Spirit through the church to remind me of his love for me and to teach me more about him - I start to think of him as a kind of 'maxi-me': a more powerful version of me. but still with my limitations.

When it comes to answering prayer, this way of thinking leads me to conclude that, as I can't handle the many calls on my time, God - with all the millions of people around the world praying to him - must surely struggle too, so I mustn't worry too much if my prayers aren't answered straight away ... in fact, it wouldn't be all that surprising if most of them weren't answered at all!"

Thank God ... he isn't me!

But what about when prayers do seem to go unanswered?  Why is that?  Is it me?  Something I'm not doing or saying right?  Is it my standing, or 'righteousness', before God at the time?

And is there a contradiction, then, between John 14-16 and Luke 16?  ... Between "whatever you ask in My name, that I will do" and "‘Lord, Lord, open for us’ ... but He will say, ‘Depart from Me’"?

In Luke 11, Jesus' disciples ask him to 'teach' them to pray.  Jesus gives them a little insight into his own conversation with his Father ('The Lord's Prayer') ... but then, insightful and loving as ever, he addresses their real concern, their hidden question: "...Lord, teach us to pray in such a way as to persuade the Father to answer our prayers!"

Isn't that what we all want to know?

When we're not close to God in love, we don't necessarily stop believing in him, but we think differently about him.  We trust in his supernatural power (he is 'God', after all) and we trust in his love for us (he did die / send his Son to die to stop us being eternally separated from him, after all), but we don't walk with him in active enjoyment of the love between us ... so he just becomes a 'Father Christmas' figure: we ask him for what we want and, if we've been good enough, he will deliver what we've asked for.

To answer their deeper question, then, Jesus goes on: "Imagine what would happen if you went to a friend in the middle of the night and said, 'Friend, lend me three loaves of bread: an old friend traveling through just showed up and I don't have a thing on hand.'

"The friend answers from his bed, 'Don't bother me. The door's locked; my children are all down for the night; I can't get up to give you anything.'

"I say unto you, Though he will not rise and give him because he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will rise and give him as many as he needs."

This story speaks a lot about friendship.  Everyone seems to be friends - there are friends everywhere - it's a beautiful thing!

... But I bet the fellah who had been tucked up in bed for the night is not feeling very friendly at this particular point in time.  And, left to respond purely on his feelings, he clearly isn't about to act on the request: look at where the 'yet' is in Jesus' reply!  He will not rise because he is his friend, yet he will rise because of his friend's importunity.

Impor-what?

What convinces him?  His friend's 'importunity'...

No, I had no idea what this means either!  I thought it meant something along the lines of 'bold (to the point of obnoxious) persistence', and this certainly chimes with a rather scant reading of Luke 18, where a 'persistent widow' harangues a local judge for justice such that eventually, because of her persistence, he answers her.

But, wait!  Is this how we are to think about God, our loving Father whose Son loved us literally to death and whose Spirit has made his very home in our hearts?  Do we really have to wear him down as if his default setting is a general reluctance to get involved in our lives in any way?

Yes of course that idea is ridiculous!  And if we read the story in context, it's clear that this judge, described as "unjust", is the polar opposite to God who judges perfectly with eternal love.  The point of this passage is to show that, if even someone 'unjust' will eventually respond to your desires when their motive is simply to shut you up, how much more willingly will God respond when his motive is his passionate love for you?

So I'm not convinced that the dweller of the house in this story (... the father of the secure children ... the giver of the bread ...) is going to respond because of 'bold persistence'.

What's it all about then?  What is this 'importunity' that seems to be the reason for the request being granted?

Getting into the Greek word, here translated as 'importunity' - with help from Dr. James Strong et al, it literally means 'not bashful/modest'. 

But the word origin for 'bashful/modest' is actually, literally 'not seeing/knowing', which makes the word 'importunity', in this case, mean, literally, 'not not-seeing'!

Not-not-seeing!

So who is that referring to?  Who is the friend asking for bread designed to represent?  Who are those who are 'not not-seeing'?

Luke 8:10 describes those who are 'not-seeing': "... Unto you it is given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God: but to others in parables; that seeing they might not see, and hearing they might not understand."

Those who 'seeing, might not see' are those who do not understand The Word of God.  Now, if there existed, as reported, people who do not understand The Word of God even when he is standing right there in front of them, what hope is there for any of us?  Who can understand?

There is only one who can make all these things clear: the Spirit of truth.  Jesus would later say of him: "he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you."

Elsewhere described as "the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord", this one is able to make one "of quick understanding in the fear of the Lord", such that later Christians can boldly ask "the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, (to) give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him".

This holy Spirit of God is the one who can give knowledge, wisdom, and understanding of God and his mysterious Word - so who are they to whom he chooses to give this understanding?

"The mystery (is) revealed unto his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit" - he gives understanding to all who are set apart for God ("holy apostles") and to all who affirm / make known his thoughts ("prophets").  In other words, everyone who ever has been or who ever will be offered the Spirit and, in accepting him, are eternally enjoined with him.

So, backtracking, those 'not-seeing' are those who don't know the Word of God, whilst those 'not not-seeing' are those who have been sealed with the holy Spirit because they have accepted the offered Spirit of Jesus ... and the father of the house gives his bread to his friend purely on account of his friend's having the holy Spirit.

In all things...

So, basically, our prayers are answered NOT because we are in a state of friendship or active affection before God but simply because we are 'saved'!


... So, pray when you're content, pray when you're not, pray when you are angry with Him, when you're ashamed before Him, pray when you've been turning your back on Him ... our loving Father, Son, and Spirit will still answer, and will still give his very good gifts in abundance.  Thank God!

Tuesday, 21 August 2012

Guest blog...




I understand, sir, that you are really interested in learning about the religion of the Christians, and that you are making an accurate and careful investigation of the subject.  You want to know, for instance, what God they believe in and how they worship him, while at the same time they disregard the world and look down on death, and how it is that they do not treat (other) "divinities" ... as gods at all, although on the other hand they do not follow ... superstition ... You would also like to know the source of the loving affection that they have for each other ... I certainly welcome this keen interest on your part and I ask God, who gives us the power to speak and the power to listen, to let me speak in such a way that you may derive the greatest possible benefit from listening, and to enable you to listen to such good effect that I may never have a reason for regretting what I have said.

... Look at the things that you proclaim and think of as gods ... the things you serve.  (You) adore these things, and in the end you become like them.  That is why you hate the Christians, because they do not believe that these objects are gods ... Christians are not the slaves of gods like these.

... For Christians cannot be distinguished from the rest of the human race by country or language or customs.  They do not live in cities of their own; they do not use a peculiar form of speech; they do not follow an eccentric manner of life.  This doctrine of theirs has not been discovered by the ingenuity or deep thought of inquisitive men, nor do they put forward a merely human teaching, as some people do.  Yet, although they live in (eastern and western) cities alike, as each man's lot has been cast, and follow the customs of the country in clothing and food and other matters of daily living, at the same time they give proof of the remarkable and admittedly extraordinary constitution of their own commonwealth.  They live in their own countries, but only as aliens. They have a share in everything as citizens, and endure everything as foreigners.  Every foreign land is their fatherland, and yet for them every fatherland is a foreign land.  They marry, like everyone else, and they beget children, but they do not cast out their offspring.  They share their board with each other, but not their marriage bed.  It is true that they are "in the flesh," but they do not live "according to the flesh."  They busy themselves on earth, but their citizenship is in heaven.  They obey the established laws, but in their own lives they go far beyond what the laws require.  They love all men, and by all men are persecuted.  They are unknown, and still they are condemned; they are put to death, and yet they are brought to life.  They are poor, and yet they make many rich; they are completely destitute, and yet they enjoy complete abundance.  They are dishonored, and in their very dishonor are glorified; they are defamed, and are vindicated.  They are reviled, and yet they bless; when they are affronted, they still pay due respect.  When they do good, they are punished as evildoers; undergoing punishment, they rejoice because they are brought to life.  They are treated ... as foreigners and enemies, and are hunted down ... and all the time those who hate them find it impossible to justify their enmity.

To put it simply: What the soul is in the body, that Christians are in the world.  The soul is dispersed through all the members of the body, and Christians are scattered through all the cities of the world.  The soul dwells in the body, but does not belong to the body, and Christians dwell in the world, but do not belong to the world.  The soul, which is invisible, is kept under guard in the visible body; in the same way, Christians are recognised when they are in the world, but their religion remains unseen.  The flesh hates the soul and treats it as an enemy, even though it has suffered no wrong, because it is prevented from enjoying its pleasures; so too the world hates Christians, even though it suffers no wrong at their hands, because they range themselves against its pleasures.  The soul loves the flesh that hates it, and its members; in the same way, Christians love those who hate them.  The soul is shut up in the body, and yet itself holds the body together; while Christians are restrained in the world as in a prison, and yet themselves hold the world together.  The soul, which is immortal, is housed in a mortal dwelling; while Christians are settled among corruptible things, to wait for the incorruptibility that will be theirs in heaven.  The soul, when faring badly as to food and drink, grows better; so too Christians, when punished, day by day increase more and more.  It is to no less a post than this that God has ordered them, and they must not try to evade it.

As I have indicated, it is not an earthly discovery that was committed to them; it is not a mortal thought that they think of as worth guarding with such care, nor have they been entrusted with the stewardship of merely human mysteries.  On the contrary, it was really the Ruler of all, the Creator of all, the invisible God himself, who from heaven established the truth and the holy, incomprehensible word among men, and fixed it firmly in their hearts.  Nor, as one might suppose, did he do this by sending to men some subordinate - an angel, or principality, or one of those who administer earthly affairs, or perhaps one of those to whom the government of things in heaven is entrusted.  Rather, he sent the Designer and Maker of the universe himself, by whom he created the heavens and confined the sea within its own bounds - him whose hidden purposes all the elements of the world faithfully carry out, him from whom the sun has received the measure of the daily rounds that it must keep, him whom the moon obeys when he commands her to shine by night, and whom the stars obey as they follow the course of the moon.  He sent him by whom all things have been set in order and distinguished and placed in subjection - the heavens and the things that are in the heavens, the earth and the things in the earth, the sea and the things in the sea, fire, air, the unfathomed pit, the things in the heights and in the depths and in the realm between; God sent him to men.

Now, did he send him, as a human mind might assume, to rule by tyranny, fear, and terror?  Far from it!  He sent him out of kindness and gentleness, like a king sending his son who is himself a king.  He sent him as God; he sent him as man to men. He willed to save man by persuasion, not by compulsion, for compulsion is not God's way of working.  In sending him, God called men, but did not pursue them; he sent him in love, not in judgment.  Yet he will indeed send him someday as our Judge, and who shall stand when he appears?

... For God, the Master and Maker of the universe, who made all things and determined the proper place of each, showed himself to be long-suffering, as well as a true friend of man.  But in fact he always was and is and will be just this - kind and good and slow to anger and true; indeed, he alone is good.

...And so, when he had planned everything by himself in union with his Child, he still allowed us, through the former time, to be carried away by undisciplined impulses, captivated by pleasures and lusts, just as we pleased.  That does not mean that he took any delight in our sins, but only that he showed patience.  He did not approve at all of that season of wickedness, but ... when we had shown ourselves incapable of entering the Kingdom of God by our own efforts, we might be made capable of doing so by the power of God.  And so, when our unrighteousness had come to its full term, and it had become perfectly plain that its recompense of punishment and death had to be expected, then the season arrived in which God had determined to show at last his goodness and power.  O the overflowing kindness and love of God toward man!  God did not hate us, or drive us away, or bear us ill will.  Rather, he was long-suffering and forbearing.  In his mercy, he took up the burden of our sins. He himself gave up his own Son as a ransom for us - the holy one for the unjust, the innocent for the guilty, the righteous one for the unrighteous, the incorruptible for the corruptible, the immortal for the mortal.  For what else could cover our sins except his righteousness?  In whom could we, lawless and impious as we were, be made righteous except in the Son of God alone?  O sweetest exchange!  O unfathomable work of God!  O blessings beyond all expectation!  The sinfulness of many is hidden in the Righteous One, while the righteousness of the One justifies the many that are sinners.  In the former time he had proved to us our nature's inability to gain life; now he showed the Saviour's power to save even the powerless, with the intention that on both counts we should have faith in his goodness, and look on him as Nurse, Father, Teacher, Counselor, Healer, Mind, Light, Honor, Glory, Might, Life - and that we should not be anxious about clothing and food.

If you too yearn for this faith, then first of all you must acquire full knowledge of the Father ... that he sent his only-begotten Son, and to them that he promised the Kingdom in heaven which he will give to those who love him.  And when you have acquired this knowledge, think with what joy you will be filled!  Think how you will love him, who first loved you so!

To him be glory forevermore.  Amen.


... edited from www.ccel.org/ccel/richardson/fathers.x.i.ii.html ... also see (hear!) http://www.theologynetwork.org/the-breeze/2011-05/the-breeze-004--the-letter-to-diognetus

Friday, 15 June 2012

Psalm 22


Where I was at school, the Bible was seen as a dusty rulebook of morals to live by, and The Psalms were a repository of mysterious poems designed to be chanted almost monotonously in order to stultify a room of rowdy boys during Assembly.

I doubt Jesus was chanting monotonously as he hung on the cross bearing the sins of the world, but Psalm 22 starts with the words that he spoke as darkness covered the land, and end with a verse reminiscent of his last words as he "gave up his spirit".

Could it be that Psalm 22 was given for us to mind-read the Son of God during the most crucial three hours in the entire history of Creation?


"My God, my God!"

Jesus, eternally begotten (i.e. ‘defined’ as "Son"), calls to his perfectly loved and loving father - but he doesn’t use the intimate name "Abba" ("Daddy"), as he encouraged us to, but by the name "El" ("God" – literally, "strength" or "almighty"), changing the perspective of this relationship from one of loving intimacy to one of power versus submission.

And he asks the question his whole church wants to know the answer to: "Why have you forsaken me?  Why are you so far from saving me, so far from my cries of anguish?"

Jesus, the "Word of God", cries out with words, but is answered without a sound.  Instead, the source of his light – the light that he reflects so perfectly that he is "the light of the world" - is simply withdrawn.
                                                                                                                                                                                          
It was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour (Luke 23:44)

"My God, I cry out by day, but you do not answer, by night, but I find no rest"

Perhaps this simple phenomenon of the light disappearing serves to remind Jesus of his father’s great goodness and the rescue mission they have set themselves: to deliver those who trust in God from the eternal separation their sin otherwise leads them to.

"You are holy, you who live in the praises of Israel - our fathers trusted in you: they trusted, and you delivered them.  They cried to you, and were delivered: they trusted in you, and were not confounded"



But how was this great rescue mission going to work?


Sin is not trusting in God … not trusting in God means disunity with God … disunity with God must mean separation from God … separation from God is death and hell.

How can God stop sinners going to hell?



"I am a worm and not a man"

God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God (2 Corinthians 5:21)

Scarlet is a colour symbolic of 'sin' throughout the Bible.  The Hebrew for the word 'scarlet' comes from the word for the type of worm that was crushed in order to make scarlet dye.  It follows that 'worms' are symbolic of sin too (e.g. Mark 9:47b-8, quoting Isaiah 66:23-24 "hell, where their worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched").

"You are he that took me out of the womb.  You did make me hope when I was upon my mother's breasts.  I was cast upon you from the womb: you are my God from my mother's belly"

Jesus has blessed Israel, his ‘nation of priests’, for centuries.  Finally he is born ‘of the flesh of man’ into their care, forever trusting in God, in order to save man!



… So what would Israel offer towards the rescue mission?


Jesus looks around at those for whom he has been 'made sin': "I am a reproach of men, and despised of the people. All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, He trusted on the LORD that he would deliver him: let him deliver him, seeing he delighted in him"

They that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads, and saying: you that would destroy the temple, and build it in three days, save yourself: if you are the Son of God, come down from the cross!

Likewise also the chief priests mocking him, with the scribes and elders, said: he saved others; himself he cannot save.  If he is the King of Israel, let him now come down from the cross, and we will believe him!

He trusted in God; let him deliver him now, if he will have him: for he said, I am the Son of God.

(Matthew 27:39-43)


The cynic might suggest that Jesus had always planned to quote the first verse of the Psalm in order to big himself up in the eyes of those who knew their scriptures.  But, were this even thinkable (through the agony, humiliation, and bloody trauma of the crucifixion!), he still couldn’t have controlled the natural response of those spitting hate at him all around, if he were just a man.


So ‘His own’ would not help, but what about the angels?  Surely the ‘ministering spirits’ - legions of whom he has lead as their Commander (Joshua 5:14), their great Arch-angel (1 Thessalonians 4:16) – surely they would come now, in his hour of greatest need?


No, not the spirits surrounding him now: "many bulls ... strong bulls of Bashan" and "roaring", devouring "lions" with mouths open wide surround him now.

The bovine imagery alludes to cherubim (compare Ezekiel 1:10 "they four had the face of a man … a lion … an ox … an eagle" and Revelation 4:7 "a lion … a calf … a man, and … a flying eagle" with Ezekiel 10:14 "the face of a cherub, … a man, … a lion, and … an eagle") – and who was the 'guardian cherub' of Ezekiel 28:14?  The one who deceived Eve and became ‘the accuser’, Satan.

Furthermore, lions, when described in reference to their mouths being open and aggressive, point our minds to think of demons, whilst Bashan appears to be Satan’s playground - the mountain he set up in opposition to Zion.  Deuteronomy 3:11 speaks of "Og king of Bashan … remnant of giants", and Amos 4:1-2 proclaims to the "cows of Bashan who oppress the poor, who crush the needy … they shall take you away with hooks, even the last of you with fishhooks"!  Who is that ‘last’ taken away with fishhooks?  Ezekiel 29:3-4 "I am against thee, Pharaoh king of Egypt, the great dragon that lieth in the midst of his rivers, which hath said, My river is mine own, and I have made it for myself.  But I will put hooks in thy jaws, and I will cause the fish of thy rivers to stick unto thy scales, and I will bring thee up out of the midst of thy rivers, and all the fish of thy rivers shall stick unto thy scales".


No, "there is none to help"  Even the gifts of the Holy Spirit leave him:

Life drains from his body: "I am poured out like water ...  My heart has melted away within me … you lay me in the dust of death" (see Revelation 22:17 "... the free gift of the water of life")

Power drains from his body: "My bones are out of joint ...  My strength / power is dried up" (see Luke 4:14-15 "Jesus taught in the power of the Spirit and everyone praised him").  This truly is his moment of greatest weakness: bones are symbolic of strength, but his are "are out of joint" … although, crucially, they are not broken, as we can read in John 19:33,36 "But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs ... for these things took place that the Scripture might be fulfilled: ‘Not one of his bones will be broken.’"  This is an important statement of God’s ultimate power in his greatest ‘weakness’ - his victory in his death.


"Dogs have surrounded me; a band of evil men has encircled me"

There is a third group of witnesses around him: the reference to dogs is also seen particularly in Revelation 22:15 ("Outside are the dogs and sorcerers and the sexually immoral and murderers and idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices falsehood"), Matthew 7:6,15:26-7 ("Do not give dogs what is holy, and do not throw your pearls before pigs, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you" and "It is not right to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs … yet even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their masters' table") and Exodus 22:31 ("You shall be consecrated to me. Therefore you shall not eat any flesh that is torn by beasts in the field; you shall throw it to the dogs").

It is important that Gentiles – who had never been part of "Israel" - are present here too: Jesus' death heralded "the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages" (Romans 16:25), that "a partial hardening has come upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in” (Romans 11:25) to take their place as faith-filled "fellow heirs, members of the same body, and partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel" (Ephesians 3:6).


So what will the Gentiles surrounding Jesus offer towards the rescue mission?

They were the ones who would "pierce my hands and my feet ... stare and gloat over me" (described in John 19:36-7) and "divide my clothes among them and cast lots for my garment" (described in John 19:23-24).


So who can Jesus turn to?

"You, LORD, do not be far from me.  You are my strength; come quickly to help me.  Deliver me from the sword, my precious life from the power of the dogs.  Rescue me from the mouth of the lions; save me from the horns of the wild oxen"

This is not only a request in faith but also a prophecy and an encouragement in faith: "I will declare your name to my people; in the assembly I will praise you - you who fear the LORD, praise him!  All you descendants of Jacob, honour him!  Revere him, all you descendants of Israel!  For he has not despised or scorned the suffering of the afflicted one; he has not hidden his face from him but HAS listened to his cry for help"


Then Jesus answers his own question in the beginning: "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?"

Remembering the rescue mission that he, the father, and the spirit agreed as they yearned for the love of their beloved creation, he proclaims: "From you comes the theme of my praise in the great assembly; before those who fear you I will fulfill my vows: The poor will eat and be satisfied; those who seek the LORD will praise him (may your hearts live forever!), all the ends of the earth will remember and turn to the LORD, and all the families of the nations will bow down before him (for dominion belongs to the LORD and he rules over the nations), all the rich of the earth will feast and worship; all who go down to the dust will kneel before him (those who cannot keep themselves alive), posterity will serve him - future generations will be told about the Lord."

The final verse - "They will proclaim his righteousness, declaring to a people yet unborn: He has done it!" - sounds very much like two verses towards the end of the Bible:

"The seventh angel poured out his bowl into the air, and out of the temple came a loud voice from the throne, saying, "It is done! "  And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the air; and there came a great voice out of the temple of heaven, from the throne, saying, It is done.  And there were voices, and thunders, and lightnings; and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since men were upon the earth, so mighty an earthquake, and so great" (Revelation 16:17-18)

Interestingly, this followed by a severe earthquake, which was attested to in Matthew 27:51,54 "And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent.  Now when the centurion, and they that were with him, watching Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God!"

Then, right in the middle of some of the most beautiful and glorious verses speaking of the purpose of the cross, there is Revelation 21:6…

He said to me: "It is done. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. To the thirsty I will give water without cost from the spring of the water of life."